The gypsum mineralization occurred in the form of Satin Spar and Selenite in the south and southwest of the Fars province in the folded Zagros zone. In this region, Satin Spar mineralization as been formed as stratiform between the red marl and siltstone units of Late Miocene–Pliocene in Agha Jari, Bakhtiari, and the Gachsaran formations. The reserves of Satin Spar in this area are at least 200,000 tons. Satin Spar due to its chatoyancy, has been able to distinguish itself from gypsum. This beautiful light phenomenon (chatoyancy) results from the regular and parallel arrangement of the Satin Spar fibers. The mineral was first identified by its physical properties, and then by the X-ray diffraction analysis. They were also examined by scanning electron microscopy for its structure and also the structure of fiber crystals and their optical properties. In order to examine the polishing condition of Satin Spar, several samples of this gemstone were also selected for fantasy and Cabochon cut. For the first time in Iran, the exploration of Satin Spar gemstone in the Fars region can be a model for its discovery in the other evaporative formations in the country.

The Koushk Zn-Pb shale-hosted massive sulfide (SHMS) deposit in the central part of the Zarigan-Chahmir basin, central Iran (Posht-Badam Block), is the largest of several sedimentary-exhalative deposits in this basin and the sequence of lithostratigraphic Rizu unit. The host-rock sequence includes black shales, volcaniclastic and rhyolitic tuffs, intermediate to felsic and basaltic lavas, shales, black siltstones, sandstones, and dolomites dolomitic limestone, and minor gypsum beds (Ramezani and Tucker, 2003).

Skarns are in contrast with other deposits of high mineralogy diversity. Skarn with Kuh-Gabri, having beautiful gemstones such as quartz (the so-called commercial Dorr-e Najaf), amethyst, vesuvianite, garnet and such, have a collection of attractive gemstones which attract the attention of every geologist. For the initial identification and introduction of their econimical potentials, after sampling and performing, the designing, cutting, polishing and so on, their quality will be evaluated. The gemstone of Kuh-Gabri with skarn origins is of high quality compared to other pegmatitic and metamorphic minerals of the country. Given that the gems used as samples for this article are taken from the surface level and thus, affected by weathering and erosion, naturally, after trench digging and systematic exploratory operations better results will be achieved. The correct extraction of gemstones is a very important process and it's very effective in the quality and durability of the finished products. Nowadays, in other regions of the country, locals are often extracting gemstones. Because of the lack of familiarity with and possession of the proper technology of extraction, domestic production has a very low level of quantity and quality, and most of the gems at the sameself initial stage of extraction are ruined. Given the huge trade of gemstones in the world, the need to plan and having good management in Iran is distinctly felt in order to provide the grounds for sustainable employment and replace this industry with the oil industry.

Kyanite or distane mineral in the southern of Hamedan has been studied in terms of gemology and mineralogy. Significant outcrops of kyanite mineral associated with quartz veins are observed in the hornfels and schist rocks in the south of Hamedan. In the research, X-ray diffraction analysis method was used for the mineralogical identification of kyanite and associated minerals. By cutting semi-transparent samples and using non-destructive gemological methods and tools, such as a refractometer, the refractive index of kyanites in the region was measured at 1.71. Also, its specific weight was calculated with a hydrostatic balance of 3.51 g/cm3. In the 360-degree rotation of the polariscope analyzer, this gem is seen as light and dark, which indicates its double refraction optical property. Due to the association of kyanite mineral with other aluminosilicates such as sillimanite, andalusite, corderite and corundum, it can dominantly be used in surficial

Obsidian is a mineraloid. This gemstone with the local names of Apache tears and Marekanite has been the focus of jewelers around the world. In Iran, its olive green type is known as Sabalanite among gem cutters. In this research, for the first time, the name Sabalanite has been officially used for the dark green obsidian of Sablan volcano. In the northwest of Iran, in areas like Sarab and Bozghosh Mountain are obsidian gemstones with almost round shapes in a cover of perlite and in a background of ignimbrites. The purpose of this research is to investigate the parameters of the gemology of this gem. The obsidian gem in the studied area is often semi-transparent with a dark olive green color and irregular spherical shapes with diameters between 5 and 40 mm. Based on the ICP-OES analysis of dark green obsidians from the Sablan volcano, the iron concentration of these samples is about 1.5%. In some obsidians of the region, a banded state can be observed, which can be caused by the number of vesicles in the dark and light bands. The refractive index of this gemstone was calculated to be 1.49. by cabochon and facet cuts from several samples and using polariscope, it was determined that this gem is sometimes ADR and sometimes SR. Using a hydrostatic scale, the Specific gravity of this gemstone was 2.32 g/cm3.